Thus, the distance of each sampling point will be of 1 / 22,050 second (45.35 µs, in this case). If a sampling rate of 22,050 Hz is used, for example, this means that in one second 22,050 points will be sampled. The frequency on which the sampling will occur is called sampling rate. In Figure 2 you see an example of some sampling points on our analog signal. Each sample will be converted into a number, based on its voltage level. What the ADC circuit does is to take samples from the analog signal from time to time. The “y” axis represents voltage while the “x” axis represents time. Let’s assume that it is an audio signal, since this the most popular applications for analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversions. For our explanations, consider the analog signal found in Figure 1.
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